动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种.1)规则变化情况例词读音与说明动词原形过去式过去分词一般在动词原形后加-edlookcallopenneedlookedcalledopenedneededlooked[lukt]called[kC:ld]opened[5EupEnd]needed[ni:did]①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id]③但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写,为fixed.以-e结尾的动词加-dmovephonehopeagreemovedphonedhopedagreedmoved[mu:vd]phoned[fEund]hoped[hEupt]agreed[E5^ri:d]以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edstudycarrytrystudiedstudiedcarriedstudied[5stQdid]carried[5kArid]tried[traid]以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplayenjoystayplayedenjoyedstayedplayed[pleid]enjoyed[in5dVCid]stayed[steid]末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstopplanfitstoppedplannedfittedstopped[stCpt]planned[plAnd]fitted[5fitid]以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-edpreferreferpreferredreferredpreferred[prI`f:d]referred[ri5fE:]2)不规则变化英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况.1．动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形.例：原形过去式过去分词cut（切）hit（打）cast（扔）hurt（伤害）put（放）let（让）shut（关）cost（花费）set（放）rid（清除）cuthitcasthurtputletshutcostsetridcuthitcasthurtputletshutcostsetrid2．过去式与过去分词完全同形.例：原形过去式过去分词find（找到）pay（支付）leave（离开）lend（借出）meet（遇见）keep（保持）lose（丢失）teach（教）sit（坐）lead（引导）win（赢）除）foundpaidleftlentmetkeptlosttaughtsatledwonfoundpaidleftlentmetkeptlosttaughtsatledwon3．动词原形与过去分词同形例：原形过去式过去分词come（来）run（跑）become（成为）cameranbecamecomerunbecome4．动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同.例：原形过去式过去分词give（给）fly（飞）drink（喝）see（看见）go（去）know（知道）wear（穿）speak（说）gaveflewdranksawwentknewworespokegivenflowndrunkseengoneknownwornspoken5．过去式和过去分词有两种形式例：原形过去式过去分词burn（燃烧）burnedburntburnedburntlearn（学习）learnedlearntlearnedlearntsmell（闻）smelledsmeltsmelledsmeltspell（拼写）spelledspeltspelledspeltshine（照射）shinedshoneshinedshoneleap（跳）leapedleaptleapedleapt提示a.beat的过去式与原形同形：比：beat（打击）beat（过去式）beaten（过去分词）b.lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比：lielied,lied（说谎）lay,lain（躺,位于）c.hang有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比：hanghanged,hanged（处绞刑）hung,hung(挂,吊)d.welcome（欢迎）一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词比：welcomewelcomed,welcomed（正）welcome,welcome（误）e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词比：hit（打）hit,hit（正）hitted,hitted（误）6现在分词的变化规则规则动词原形现在分词及发音一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,-ing发音为[iN]gopushplaycarrygoing[5^EuiN]pushing[5puFiN]playing[pleiiN]carrying[5kAriiN]以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ingtakewriteleavetaking[5teikiN]writing[5raitiN]leaving[5li:viN]重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该辅音字母双写,再加-ingcutstopfitbeginforgetcutting[5kQtiN]stopping[5stCpiN]fitting[5fitiN]beginning[bi5^iniN]forgetting[fE5^etiN]以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-ingliedietielying[5laiiN]dying[5daiiN]tying[5taiiN]