字典翻译 问答 小学 英语 【含有特殊疑问句的直接引语如howdoyougotoschool?变为间接引语就是去掉助动词吗】
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【含有特殊疑问句的直接引语如howdoyougotoschool?变为间接引语就是去掉助动词吗】
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含有特殊疑问句的直接引语如howdoyougotoschool?变为间接引语就是去掉助动词吗

马永利回答:
  .直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that引导,that可以省略.例如:   Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytobewithyou.”→Shesaid(that)shewasveryhappytobewithme.   Hesaid,“Iwillchooseabookformystudents.”→Hesaid(that)hewouldchooseabookforhisstudents.   2.直接引语是一般疑问句时,变成间接引语,由连词whether或if引导.例如:   Heaskedme,“DoyoulikewatchingTV?”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedwatchingTV.   Heasked,“Areyousureyourmotherwillcome?”→Heaskedmewhether/ifIwassuremymotherwouldcome.   注意:大多数情况下,if和whether在引导宾语从句时可以互换,但后紧跟ornot时,一般只用whether.例如:   Sheaskedmewhetherornothecoulddothework./Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddotheworkornot.   3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where等引导.例如:   Heasked:“Whereareyoutogetoff,John?”→HeaskedJohnwherehewastogetoff.   Mysisteraskedme,“Howdoyouliketheplay?”→MysisteraskedmehowIlikedtheplay.   Tomaskedme,“Whoistheboyoverthere?”→Tomaskedme,“Whowastheboyoverthere?”   4.直接引语是祈使句,其间接引语由主语+动词ask(委婉语气),tell(一般语气),order(命令语气)或warn,advise等+复合宾语(名/代词+动词不定式)构成.如:   Hesaid,“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.”→Heaskedmetogothereagainthenextday.   “Becarefulwiththedog.”→Hewarnedmetobecarefulwiththedog.   5.直接引语变间接引语时,如果引述动词为过去式,需注意时态的变化(时态要向后退一步):如:   1)Bettysaid,“Linglingissingingintheclassroomnow.”现在进行时→   BettysaidLinglingwassingingintheclassroomthen.-过去进行时   2)Hesaid,“IwillgotoLondonnextweek.”一般将来时→   HesaidhewouldgotoLondonnextweek.过去将来时   3)Mymothersaid,“Ihavealreadycleanedthehouse.”现在完成时→   Mymothersaidshehadalreadycleanedthehouse.过去完成时   注意:   1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等,主句尽管是过去时态,变成间接引语时,时态就不变,直接照抄.   Theytoldtheirson,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.   2.直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化.如:this→that,these→those,now→then,today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→therecome→go等.例如:   Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenthemtoday.”→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenthemthatday.   但是,如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方,或在说话的当天,就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等.总之,对这些变化不能机械理解,应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化.   3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序.
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