Thesoundofamosquitocanmeantroubleinmanypartsoftheworld.Thebiteofthemosquitocanbedeadly.Theinsectscarryseriousdiseaseslikemalaria.Itisestimatedthatalmost630000peoplediedfrommalariaandmalaria-relatedcausesin2012andmostofthesecaseswereinAfricancountries.
IntheUnitedStatesagroupofCaliforniascientistsisworkingtodevelopamoreeffectiveandlesscostlysubstance(物质)toprotectpeoplefrommosquitoes.Theresearchersareinvestigatingthesenseofsmellinmosquitoes.Theyfoundtheinsectsusethesamereceptor(感受器)foridentifyingcarbondioxideinhumanbreathastheydoforthesmellofourskin.AnandasankarRaywhoisleadingtheinvestigationsaysscientiststestedmorethanamillionchemicalcompounds(化合物)untiltheyfoundasubstancecalledEthylpyruvate.HesaysEthylpyruvatemakesthemosquitoes'receptorinactive.”WhenweapplyEthylpyruvatetoahumanarmandofferittohungrymosquitoesinacageveryfewofthemosquitoesareattractedtothehumanarmbecauseonlyafewofthemareabletosmellitout”saidRay.
GenevieveTauxeamemberoftheresearchteamsaysitwasnoteasytofindtheneurons(神经元)ofnosecellsthatrecogniseboththesmellofhumanbreathandskin."Withthedeviceusedtoexaminemosquitoesweareabletoinsertaverysmallelectrode(电极)intothepartofthemosquitoes'nosewhereitssmellingneuronsareandwherethesmellishappening"saidTauxe.
AnandasankarRaysaysaproductbasedonEthylpyruvatemaycostlesstoproducethanDEFT，themosteffectivechemicaltreatmentnowinuse.HesaysDEFTistoocostlyformostpeoplewholiveinareasaffectedbymalaria.
“PerhapsbyfindingsmellsthatcanattackothertargetreceptorswewillbeabletoimproveuponDEFTandfinallyhavethenextgenerationofinsectbehaviorcontrolproducts"saidRay.
【小题1】Thebesttitleforthepassageismostprobably_______________________________.