英语翻译
Dreamshavealwaysheldauniversalinterest.Somesocietiesbelievethatthesoulleavesthebodyandvisitsthesceneofthedream.Generally,however,dreamsareacceptedtobeillusions,havingmuchincommonwithday-dreams,strangementalimagesofourwakinglife.Whendreaming,onetendstobelievefullyintherealityofthedreamworld,howeverstrangeitmaybe.
Dreamsmaybecausedbyexternalfactors.Somefrighteningdreamsareconnectedwithbreathingdifficultiesofaheavycold,anddreamsofracingfire-enginesmaybeassociatedwiththeringingofanalarmclock.Experimentshavebeencarriedouttostudytheconnectionbetweenpainanddreaming.Forexample,asleeperwhosuffersfromapainperhapsdreamsoffightingabattleandreceivingseriouswound.Althoughthedreamiscausedbythepain,theactualeventsofthedreamdependontheassociationsofthepaininthemindofthedreamer
Adreamer'seyesoftenmoverapidlyfromsidetoside.Sincepeoplebornblinddonotshowthiseyeactivity,itisthoughtthatthedreamermaybelookingatthesceneofhisdream.acertainamountofdreamingseemstobeahumanrequirement--ifasleeperisawokeneverytimehiseyesbegintomovefasttopreventhimfromdreaming,hewillmakemoreeyemove-mentsthefollowingnight.
Peoplearedifferentintheirclaimstodreaming.Somesaytheydreameverynight,othersonlyonceortwiceaweek.Individualdifferencesprobablyexist,butsomepeopleimmediatelyforgetdreamsandothersmemorizethemforalongtimeorevenpermanently.
Everyoneknowsthatasleepingdogoftenbehavesasthoughheweredreaming,butitisimpossibletotellwhathedreamsof.However,itisreasonabletosupposethatatleasthigheranimalsarecapableofdreaming.
Ofthemanytheoriesofdreams,freud'sisprobablythebestknown.Accordingtofreud,dreamsreflectthemodesofthoughttypicalofearlychild-hood.Theyexpressideasandwisheswearenolongerconsciousof.Thereisalmostcertainlysometruthinhisviewthatdreamsexpressthesubconsciousmind.