英语翻译

1.1ThegardencitywaslargelytheinventionofEbenezerHoward(1850-1928).

1.2AfterimmigratingformEnglandtotheUSA,andanunsuccessfulattempttomakealivingasafarmer,hemovedtoChicago,wherehesawthereconstructionofthecityafterthedisastrousfireof1871.

1.3Inthosedays,itwasnicknamed"theGardenCity",almostcertainlythesourceofHoward'snameforhislaterbuildingplanoftowns.

1.4ReturningtoLondon,Howarddevelopedhisdesigninthe1880sand1890s,drawingonideasthatwerepopularatthetime,butcreatingauniquecombinationofdesigns.

2.1Thenineteenth-centurypoorcitywasinmanywaysaterribleplace,dirtyandcrowded;butitofferedeconomicandsocialopportunities.

2.2Atthesametime,theBritishcountrysidewasinfactequallyunattractive:thoughitpromisedfreshairandnature,itsufferedfromagriculturaldepressionanditofferedneitherenoughworkandwages,normuchsociallife.

2.3Howard'sideawastocombinethebestoftownandcountryinanewkindofsettlement,thegardencity.

2.4Howard'sideawasthatagroupofpeopleshouldsetupacompany,borrowingmoneytoestablishagardencityinthedepressedcountryside;farenoughfromexistingcitiestomakesurethatthelandwasboughtatthebottomprice.

3.1Gardencitieswouldprovideacentralpublicopenspace,radialavenuesandconnectingindustries.

3.2Theywouldbesurroundedbyamuchlargerareaofgreenbelt,alsoownedbythecompany,containingnotmerelyfarmsbutalsosomeindustrialinstitutions.

3.3Asmoreandmorepeoplemovedin,thegardencitywouldreachitsplannedlimit--Howardsuggested32,000people;then,anotherwouldbestartedashortdistanceaway.

3.4Thus,overtime,therewoulddevelopavastplannedhousecollection,extendingalmostwithoutlimit;withinit,eachgardencitywouldofferawiderangofjobsandservices,buteachwouldalsobeconnectedtotheothersbyarapidtransportationsystem,thusgivingalltheeconomicandsocialopportunitiesofabigcity.