字典翻译 问答 小学 英语 ClaustrophobiaClaustrophobiaorfearofenclosedspacesisoneofthemostcommonfears．Claustrophobiacanbedeepfearorevenpanicasaresultofbeinginasmallspace．Claustrophobiacandevelopafteratroublingchil
问题标题：
ClaustrophobiaClaustrophobiaorfearofenclosedspacesisoneofthemostcommonfears．Claustrophobiacanbedeepfearorevenpanicasaresultofbeinginasmallspace．Claustrophobiacandevelopafteratroublingchil
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Claustrophobia

Claustrophobiaorfearofenclosedspacesisoneofthemostcommonfears．Claustrophobiacanbedeepfearorevenpanicasaresultofbeinginasmallspace．

Claustrophobiacandevelopafteratroublingchildhoodexperience（suchasbeingtrappedinasmallspaceduringachildhoodgame）orfromanotherunpleasantexperiencelateroninliferelatedtosmallspaces（suchasbeingstuckinalift）．_71　Thisresponsethenbecomesprogrammedinthebrainmakinganassociationbetweenbeinginatightspaceandfeelinganxiousorout-of-control．Asaresultthepersonoftendevelopsclaustrophobia．

AccordingtoMarkPowersPh．D．AssociateProfessorofPsychologyatSouthernMethodistUniversity"Claustrophobiaisaspecificfearandnotatypeofpanicdisorder．Theprimaryspecificdangerforecastsforclaustrophobiaarethateitherthepersonwillbetrappedorrunoutofair．"

72　Claustrophobiasymptomscaninclude:sweatingacceleratedheartbeatupsetstomachpassingoutlight-headednessshakingbreathingproblemetc．

Somecommonsituationscancauseanxietyinclaustrophobiasufferers．Theclaustrophobiasuffererwilllookforanexitwheninsidearoomavoiddrivingonthehighwayormajorroadswherethereisheavytrafficwheninsideacaravoidtakingliftswheninsideabuildingorstandnearadoorwhenataparty．73　

Claustrophobiacanhaveharmfulsocialandpsychologicaleffectssincethepatientwilloftenavoidsituationsinwhichshethinksshewillhaveananxietyattackleadingtohidingandsadness．

74AccordingtoDr．Powers"Exposuretreatmentaformofmind-behavioraltreatmentusuallyresultsinatotalreductioninanxietysymptomsifconductedproperly．"

Floodingisatypeofexposuretreatmentinwhichthepersonisexposedtoasituationuntiltheanxietyattackpasses;alessextremeformofexposuretreatmentiscounter-conditioning．Counterconditioningincludesbehaviortreatmentasthepersonistaughtvisualizationandrelaxationtechniquesbeforebeingslowlyreintroducedtothecausesituation．

75　Medicationstohelptreatclaustrophobiaincludethingswhichhelptoeasetheheartpoundingoftenassociatedwithanxietyattacks．

　

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