Howcanwemeasureanimals’emotions?Anewstudyofanimal’semotionssuggeststhatasinhumansemotionscantellanimalsabouthowdangeroustheirworldisandguidethechoicesthattheymake.ThearticleofthestudybyBristolU|小学英语问答-字典翻译问答网

问题标题：

Howcanwemeasureanimals’emotions?Anewstudyofanimal’semotionssuggeststhatasinhumansemotionscantellanimalsabouthowdangeroustheirworldisandguidethechoicesthattheymake.ThearticleofthestudybyBristolU

问题描述：

Howcanwemeasureanimals’emotions?Anewstudyofanimal’semotionssuggeststhatasinhumansemotionscantellanimalsabouthowdangeroustheirworldisandguidethechoicesthattheymake.ThearticleofthestudybyBristolUniversity’sprofessorMikeMendlwaspublishedonline.

Ananimallivinginanenvironmentwhereitisoftenthreatenedbypredators(捕食者）willdevelopanegativeemotionor“mood”suchasanxiety.Howeveroneinanenvironmentwithplentyofopportunitiestogetresourcesforsurvivalwillbeinamorepositivemoodstate.

Theresearcherssaythattheseemotionalstatesnotonlyshowtheanimal’sexperiencesbutalsohelpitdecidehowtomakechoicesespeciallyinunclearsituations.Thiscouldhavegoodorbadresults.Ananimalinanegativemoodstatewillmakeasafety-firstwitha“pessimistic”responsetoanunclearevent.Forexampleitconsidersanoiseinthegrassasasignalofthepredator.Atthesametimeananimalinapositivemoodstatewillbenefitfromamore“optimistic”response.Itconsidersthenoiseasasignalofprey(猎物）.

ProfessorMikeMendlheadoftheAnimalWelfareandBehaviorResearchGroupatBristolUniversity’sSchoolofClinicalVeterinarySciencesaid“Wecanuse“optimistic”or“pessimistic”decision-makingasasymbolofananimal’semotionalstate.Recentstudiesbyourgroupandotherssuggestthatthisisameritoriousnewapproachtostudyingavarietyofanimalspecies.”

“Publicinterestinanimalwelfareremainshighwithwidespreadconcernaboutthewayinwhichanimalsaretreatedusedandincludedinsociety.Tounderstandhowanimalsshouldbetreatedweneedtobetterunderstandtheiremotionallives”MikeMendlsaid.TheresearchersbelieveMikeMendl’sstudycanhelpthemtobetterunderstandandassessananimal’semotions.

小题1:Whenananimalisinanegativemoodstate_______.A．itsresponsetoanuncleareventispessimisticB．itwillpaylittleattentiontoanuncleareventC．itiseasyforittomakerightdecisionsD．ithasmoreopportunitiestogetfood小题2:Theunderlinedword“meritorious”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“_______”.A．valuableB．useless

李瑞林回答：

　　小题1:A小题2:A小题3:D小题4:D小题5:B 　　分析：　　文章大意：本文讲述动物情感的一份新的研究表明，情感能够告诉动物所处的危险并帮助动物作出选择。小题1:A细节理解题。根据文章第三段Ananimalinanegativemoodstatewillmakeasafety-firstwitha“pessimistic”responsetoanunclearevent.可知答案。故A正确。小题2:A词义推测题。由其前句Wecanuse“optimistic”or“pessimistic”decision-makingasasymbolofananimal’semotionalstate可知我们可以利用动物“乐观的”和“悲观的”决定来判定它们所处的情感状态，再结合其词后newapproachtostudyingavarietyofanimalspecies.可知，画线词的意思是“有价值的”。故A正确。小题3:D推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，处于经常被捕食者威胁的环境下的动物会产生消极情绪，而处于有更多生存机会环境下的动物会产生积极情绪，由此可以推知，环境可以影响动物的情绪。故D正确。小题4:D细节理解题。由第五段Tounderstandhowanimalsshouldbetreatedweneedtobetterunderstandtheiremotionallives可以得出答案。故D正确。小题5:B主旨大意题。由文章内容特别是第一段中文章的主题句Anewstudyofanimal’semotionssuggeststhatasinhumansemotionscantellanimalsabouthowdangeroustheirworldisandguidethechoicesthattheymake.可知，本文讲的是情感可以帮助动物作选择。故B正确。

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