问题标题:
连系动词be和系动词be是一样的吗?连系动词be、助动词be、系动词be有啥区别吗?
问题描述:
连系动词be和系动词be是一样的吗?连系动词be、助动词be、系动词be有啥区别吗?
邱赟回答:
联系动词就是系动词
1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(AuxiliaryVerb).被协助的动词称作主要动词(MainVerb).构成时态,语态是助动词
助动词是语法功能词,自身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,例如:
Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish.他不喜欢英语.
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2)助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a.表示时态,例如:
Heissinging.他在唱歌.
Hehasgotmarried.他已结婚.
b.表示语态,例如:
HewassenttoEngland.他被派往英国.
c.构成疑问句,例如:
Doyoulikecollegelife?你喜欢大学生活吗?
DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d.与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
Idon'tlikehim.我不喜欢他.
e.加强语气,例如:
Docometothepartytomorrowevening.明天晚上一定来参加晚会.
Hedidknowthat.他的确知道那件事.
3)最常用的助动词有:be,have,do,shall,will,should,would
be动词的用法
be
[bi:]
vi
现在时Iam,youare,heis,weare,youare,theyare(缩略式I'm,you're,he's,we're,you're,they're),(否定缩略式I'mnot,isn't,aren't),过去时Iwas,youwere,hewas,wewere,youwere,theywere(过去时否定缩略式wasn't,weren't),过去分词been,现在分词being
英语的“be”是个特别动词;有些语言,如中文和马来文,并没有“be”这样的动词.
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am,is,are,been,being,was,were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(ThePrincipalVerb)或助动词(TheAuxiliaryVerb).
【当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(TheLinkingVerb),后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(TheComplement).例如:
1.Themanisascienceteacher.
2.Mary'snewdressesarecolourful.
3.Ihavebeentherebefore.
4.Motherisinthekitchennow.
【这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
5.Isthemanascienceteacher?
6.AreMary'snewdressescolourful?
7.HaveIbeentherebefore?
8.Ismotherinthekitchennow?
【当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:
9.Don'tbesilly!
10.Dobeobedient!
11.Don'tbeafool!
【“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
12.He'snot./Heisn't.
13.You'renot./Youaren't...
【但“am+not”的缩写法只有一个:
14.I'mnot.
有人用“ain't”,但这并不是标准英语.
谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:
【1.】“Be+现在分词”以组成进行式时态(ContinuousTenses),如:
15.Tony'smaidiswashinghisnewcar.
16.Thechildrenareplayinginthefield.
17.SamuelwaseatingwhenIcamein.
18.Wehavebeenlivingheresince1959.
【2.】“Be+过去分词”以组成被动语态(ThePassiveVoice),如:
19.Hermoneyinthedrawerwasstolen.
20.Anumberofgoodjobsaretakenupbyforeigners.
21.DavidstudiedinTaiwanbuthasbeentrainedasalanguagelecturerinAmerica.
22.CanallthewonderfulbirdsbefoundinourBirdPark?
23.Thedisobedientboywastoldtostandout-sidetheclassroom.
24.Stepsarebeingtakentoreducetrafficcon-gestionduringpeakhours.
25.Dishoneststudentswillbeimmediatelydealtwith.
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