英语翻译
1.BasedinGeneva,Switzerland,theWTOobtainsitsauthorityfrommembernations,whichlooktotheorganizationasavehicletoexpandworldtrade.LiketheUnitedNations,theWTOisessentiallyaclubofnations,createdandempoweredbyitsmembersandrelyingonthemtocomplywithitsrulesandrulings.
2.TheWTO’spowersaremostfrequentlyexercisedwhenitservesasacourttoresolvetradedisputesamongnations.thesejudicialpowersmayhavedramaticconsequences:WTOdecisionscandeclarethelawsandregulationsofsovereignnationsillegalbecausetheviolateglobaltraderules.
3.ThetraderulesadministeredbytheWTOareestablishedafterlengthyandoftentensenegotiationsinvolvingmanynations.Amongtherulesmembernationshaveagreedtofollowisthattheywillnotplacequotasonimportedgoodsorgivedomesticallyproducedgoodspreferenceoverforeigngood.TheWTOpermitsahandfulofexceptionstotheserules.
1Successfulplanningofmarketingstrategiesrequiresinformation---informationaboutpotentialtargetmarketandtheirlikelyresponsestomarketingmixesaswellasaboutcompetitionandotheruncontrollablevariable.Informationisalsoneededforimplementationandcontrol.Withoutgoodmarketinginformation,managershavetouseintuitionorguess—andinafast–changingandcompetitiveeconomy,thisinvitesfailure.
2Ontheotherhand,managerseldomhavealltheinformationtheyneedtomakethebestdecision.Bothcustomersandcompetitorscanbeunpredictable.Gttingmoreinformationmaycosttoomuchortaketoolong.Somanagersoftenmustdecideiftheyneedmoreinformationand—ifso—howtogetit.