问题标题:
have的用法
问题描述:
have的用法
刘亚利回答:
have用法小结
一、have作实意动词.
1.表示“有”的意思.
Look,Ihavewings,justlikeyou.
Hehadfairhairandblueeyes.
〔注1〕:其否定和疑问形式变化,在美国通常用助动词do.
〔注2〕:在英国口语中常用havegot代替have.
Look,can’tyouseeI'vegotteeth,too.
Ihaven'tgotanyjewelry.
2.have和一些其他名词连用,表示:
(1)一种活动.
WehavenoclassesonSunday.(上课)
they’regoingtohaveavolleyballmatch.(举行比赛)
Arewegoingtohaveameetingthisweek?(开会)
Wearegoingtohaveatalkthisafternoon.(听报告)
(2)患病.
Ihavegotaheadache.
Ihaveabadcold.
(3)发生的情况.
I'vehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.(跌跤)(JBⅣL10)
(4)生育.
Thequeenantmayhavetensofthousandsofbabiesinonesummer.
3.和一与动词同形的名词连用,表示一个动作(have+a+由动词转化和名词).
Areyougoingtohaveaswim.
Ihavealongtalkwiththeteacher.
4.haveonsth.或havesth.on,表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=tobewearing).
Inoticedhehadonbedroomslippers.
AttheballMotilehadadiamondnecklaceon.
5.表示“吃”、“喝”.
Iwantedtohaveacupofteaandsomeeggs.
Doesshehavelunchathome?
6.组成复合结构即“have+宾语+宾语补足语”.
(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(havesb.dosth.),表示让、叫某人做某事.
Thesoldierhadhimstandwithhisbacktohisfather.
〔注〕:否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.
Wewon'thaveyoublameitonothers.
Shehadneverhadanybodyspeaktoherthatwaybefore.
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(havesb.(sth.)doing),表示让(使)某人做某事.
…thetwomenhadtheirlightsburningallnightlong….
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(havesb.(sth.)done),表示:
①使(让,请)别人作某事,表示的动作是别人做的.
EmperorQinShiHuanghadallthewallsjoinedup.
…heshouldhavenewclothesmadeofthissplendidclothforthecominggreatprocession.
②遭遇到某事.
Housesnearairportssometimeshavetheirwindowsbroken.
Workersinsomeindustrieshavetheirhearingharmedbythenoiseofthemachine.
二、have与to一起构成情态动词,表示“不得不”、“必
须”,可用于各种时态.
Ihavetolookafterherathome.
三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时
和过去完成时.
Greatchangeshavetakenplacethelasttwoyears.
TheysaidthattheArabhadstolentheircamel.
四、have用于“情态动词+have+过去分词”的结构,有推测、假设之意.
1.must+have+过去分词,表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测,一般用于肯定句.
Herfatherthoughtthatshemusthavemetafairy.
Youmusthaveleftyourbaginthetheatre.
2.can(could)+have+过去分词,表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”,常用于否定句和疑问句.
Hecan'thavebeentoyourhome,hedoesn'tknowyouraddress.
3.should+have+过去分词,表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”,用于肯定句.
Youshouldhavebeenherefiveminutesago.
五、have用于某些成语,表示固定的意思.
1.haveaword(afewwords)withsb.,表示和某人说一(几)句话.
Where'sPeter?Iwanttohaveawordwithhim.
2.hadbetter+不带to的动词不定式,表示“…最好…”.
I'dbettergoandlookforhimnow.
3.havenothing(something)todowith,表示“和…无(有)”关系.
MostofquestionshadnothingtodowithEdison'slessons.
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