Humanneedsseemendless.Whenahungrymangetsamealhebeginstothinkaboutanovercoatwhenamanagergetsanewsportscarabighouseandpleasureboatsdanceintoview.
Themanyneedsofmankindmightberegardedasmakingupseverallevels.Whenthereismoneyenoughtosatisfyonelevelofneedsanotherlevelappears.
Thefirstandmostbasiclevelofneedsinvolvesfood.Oncethislevelissatisfiedthesecondlevelofneedsclothingandsomesortofshelterappears.BytheendofWorldWarⅡtheseneedsweresatisfiedforagreatmajorityofAmericans.Thenathirdlevelappeared.Itincludedsuchitemsasautomobilesandnewhouses.
By1957or1958thisthirdlevelofneedswasfairlywellsatisfied.Theninthelate1950safourthlevelofneedsappeared;the“life-enriching”level.Whiletheotherlevelsinvolvephysicalsatisfactionthatistheneedincomfortsafetyandtransportationthislevelstressesmentalneedsforrecognitionachievementandhappiness.Itincludesavarietyofgoodsandservicesmanyofwhichcouldbecalled“luxury”items.Amongthemarevacationtripsthebestmedicalanddentalcareandrecreation.Alsoincludedherearefancygoodsandthelateststylesinclothing.
Onthefourthlevelalotofmoneyisspentonserviceswhileonthefirstthreelevelsmoreisspentongoods.Willconsumersraisetheirsightstoafifthlevelofneedsastheirincomeincreasesorwilltheycontinuetodemandluxuriesandpersonalservicesonthefourthlevel?
Afifthlevelwouldprobablyinvolveneedsthatcanbeachievedbestbycommunityaction.Consumersmaybespendingmoreontaxestopayforgovernmentactionagainstdiseaseignorancecrimeandprejudice.Afterfillingourstomachsourclothesclosetsourgaragesourteethandourmindswenowmayseektoensurethehealthsafetyandleisuretoenjoymorefullythegoodthingsonthefirstfourlevels.
Accordingtothepassagemanwillbegintothinkaboutsuchneedsashousingandclothingonlywhen .
A.hehassavedupenoughmoney
B.hehasgrowndissatifiedwithhissimpleshelter
C.hehassatisfiedhishunger
D.hehaslearnedtobuildhouses
ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbytheendofWorldWarⅡmostAmericans .
A.were