1.问的是两个物体问的引力,与两个带电电荷间的electricforce的相同与不同.其实就是想要你去比较两条公式. 　　solution: 　　accordingtoNewton'slawofuniversalgravitation,gravitationalforcebewtwwntwomassiveobjects 　　F=G(M1M2/r^2) 　　accordingtoCoulomb'slaw,whichdescribestheinteractionofelectriccharges 　　F=1/(4Лε）(q1q2/r^2) 　　Similaritiesbetweenelectrostaticandgravitationalforces: 　　1.Bothactinavacuum. 　　2.Botharecentralandconservative. 　　3.Bothobeyaninverse-squarelaw(bothareinverselyproportionaltosquareofr). 　　4.Bothpropagatewithfinitespeedc. 　　Differencesbetweenelectrostaticandgravitationalforces: 　　1.Electrostaticforcesaremuchgreaterthangravitationalforces(byabout1036times). 　　2.Gravitationalforcesareattractiveforlikecharges,whereaslectrostaticforcesarerepulsiveforlikecharges. 　　3.Therearenonegativegravitationalcharges(nonegativemass)whiletherearebothpositiveandnegativeelectriccharges.Thisdifferencecombinedwithpreviousimpliesthatgravitationalforcesarealwaysattractive,whileelectrostaticforcesmaybeeitherattractiveorrepulsive. 　　4.Electricchargeisinvariantwhilerelativisticmassisn't 　　2.这条问,把磁铁靠近冰箱的门,磁铁会粘在门上,为什么说磁铁是永久的磁体而冰箱不是.其实是要求你知道sourceofapermanentmagneticfield的定义. 　　答案是：Permanentmagnetsareobjectsthatproducetheirownpersistentmagneticfields.Allpermanentmagnetshavebothanorthandasouthpole.Regularpinsarenotattractedbythedooroftherefrigeratorbutareattractedbyfridgemagnet. 　　3.在某一瞬间,一个媒介,例如,一条绳子,是平的.是不是代表有这个媒介上没有波? 　　波可分为横波纵波,这条绳子上的波可以是纵波,所以看上去上平的.有些波的波长是肉眼看不出来的（例如声波）.不能因为看上去是平的就认为没有波的传递.