“攻书”

【内容提示】

在美国，有一种流行的说法“hitting th books”（攻书），意思是为了考试而努力学习功课，相当于汉语的为迎接“中考”或“高考”的“攻读”。请用英语写一篇文章，就你自己所知对这一话题展开讨论。主要内容包括：

①对于学生来说，重大的挑战之一就是考试；要想进步，就得考好。

②“攻书”的学生为了准备考试要花费好长时间反复地阅读、复习老师讲过的内容。

③在美国，多数儿童在5岁时上学。大众教育是免费的。多数孩子在离家不远的学校上学。他们学文化，也玩耍和旅游，这时他们不需要攻书。

④随着年龄的增长，情况就不同了。课程多了，也难了；压力增大，孩子们就得用功学习。

⑤学习认真的学生到了高中才真正开始攻书。

⑥想进入大学的学生须参加全国性的称为S—A—T的统一考试。部分学生就要努力攻书，把每一门功课学好才能考上大学。

【作文示范】

Hitting th Books

vry socity has its spcial words, xprssions and ways of saying things. On of th popular xprssions in th Unitd Stats is“hitting th books”. It mans studying a subjct with grat ffort.

On of th grat challngs① for studnts is taking tsts. Th studnts must do wll on th tst to advanc. ②.

A studnt who hits th books spnds long hours prparing for a tst.

Thy rad all thir books carfully, and a thn rad thm a scond tim, and a third tim. Thy mak sur thy know all th matrial th tachr has offrd and prpard for vry possibl qustion. Thy study vry night. Thy ar“hitting th books”.

In th Unitd Stats, most childrn bgin attnding school whn thy ar fiv yars old. Public ducation is fr and most childrn go to schools nar thir homs. School in ths arly yars is fun. Th childrn larn to rad and writ. But thy also play gams and go on trips. Thr is no rason at such an arly ag for thm to hit th books.

This situation changs as childrn bcom oldr. Th subjcts bcom mor and mor difficult. Studnts must larn about world history, algbra③, and th lif scincs. Tsts bcom mor common. Prssur④ is growing to hit th books, study hard, and advanc.

Howvr, most srious studnts only rally bgin hitting th books for long hours whn thy rach high school.

High school studnts who hop to continu thir ducation at a collg or univrsity must tak a spcial tst calld th S----A----T. Th tst has two parts. Th first part tsts th studnt＇s ability with numbrs and mathmatical skills. Th scond part tsts th studnt＇s ability in th nglish languag.

Th S----A----T tst is vry important.A high school studnt who gts a high scor on th two parts of th tst has a good chanc to ntr a top Amrican collg. For this rason, many studnts hit th books for months to prpar for th S----A----T.

All this adds up to a lot of work----“hitting th books”. Knowldg is a priz that is not asy to gain.

【词语解释】

①challng[＇tM$linDN] n．挑战；鞭策

②advanc[+d＇v%:ns] n．前进；进步

③algbra [＇$ldNibr+] n．代数学

④prssur[＇prM+] n．压力；强制

【写法指要】

1）这也是一篇事理说明文。全文分三部分：第一段是第一部分，解释什么是“hitting th books”；第二部分包括 2—7自然段，说明美国学生要苦读数月才能取得学业水平考试的好成绩而进入好大学，所以他们必然要“hit th books”；第三部分，即结尾段，只有两个句子，作者用“知识毕竟不是轻易就能获得的奖品”总结全文。

2）本文有两处用到指示代词的回指（anaphora）功能。第一处是在第五段开头，“this”回指紧挨着的上一段说到的情况，具有衔接上一段的作用。第二处是用在最后一段开头的“all this”，虽然它也是回指，但它有总括全文的作用，我们可以把它看做是总结性回指。